|
Meinhard's Bitters was created and manufactured by Dr. Teodoro Meinhard, a German-born resident of Venezuela, and the founder of Meinhard & Company.〔Chambers, Montagu: Law Journal Reports for the year 1878〕 The full and exact name of Meinhard's Bitters is subject to some historical and legal question, and certainly changed over time. This brand of bitters came into existence in 1866〔Official Catalogue of the Collective Exhibition of the German Industry in Articles of Food, at Paris International Exhibition, published 1900〕 in Upata, Venezuela and manufacture moved in 1870 to Ciudad Bolívar (then called Angostura) Venezuela.〔Siegert v. Findlater, (Ch D) Chancery Division, 15 January 1878〕 == International Operations == Meinhard's bitters are documented to have been exported to both Germany and England from Venezuela. Evidence exists of export to other destinations including the United States, Australia, Chile, Argentina, Austria, Hungary, Belgium, France, and Singapore. In 1875, Meinhard set up a branch office in Hamburg, Germany to manufacture and export his product. This office was set up at least partially in response to high Venezuelan export tariff's on liquors, and Hamburg's status as a free trade zone.,〔Official Catalogue of the Collective Exhibition of the German Industry in Articles of Food, at Paris International Exhibition, 1900〕 and "A. F. Nagel, of Hamburg ... was the general agent for the sale in Europe of Meinhard's bitters".〔Siegert v. Findlater, (Ch D) Chancery Division, 15 January 1878〕 Alphons Libbertz was the Proprietor of the Hamburg branch, while George Pflumer of Hameln a.d. Weser is listed as another contact for sales in Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Belgium.〔Official Catalogue of the Collective Exhibition of the German Industry in Articles of Food, at Paris International Exhibition, 1900〕 Several records put the bitters in Australia. 19 cases of "Bolivar Bitters" were sold at auction in Melbourne in 1887,〔The Argus (Melbourne, Victoria) - December 23, 1887〕 22 cases were auctioned in Brisbane in 1891.〔The Brisbane Courier - December 22, 1891〕 Theodor Ripke is also listed as a trustee for "Dr Theodor Meinhard's Amargo de Bolivar" a bitters at the 1888 Melbourne Australia Exhibition.〔The Official Catalogue of the Exhibits of the Melbourne 1888 Exhibition〕 Guillermo E. Mönch of Ciudad Bolivar represented "Amargo de Ciudad Bolivar" at the 1893 World Colombian Exhibition in Chicago.〔World's Colombian exposition at Chicago. The United States of Venezuela in 1893, United States of Venezuela, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Direction of Foreign Public Law, Caracas, November 7, 1892〕 Leon de la Cova, the council for Venezuela in Philadelphia, received and exhibited for Meinhard's Bitters at the Centennial Exhibition in the United States. However any sale or distribution within the United States after an injunction served by Pennsylvania courts is unknown.〔Weekly Notes of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, the County Courts of Philadelphia, and the United States District and Circuit Courts for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania By Pennsylvania Supreme Court, United States Circuit Court (3rd Circuit), United States District Court (Pennsylvania : Eastern District), p 541〕 A newspaper advertisement lists "Everett & Co." as the agent for Bolivar Bitters prepared by Dr. Teodoro Meinhard in Singapore in 1885.〔The Straits Times - February 23, 1886, p4〕 The exact time when production of Meinhard's bitter ceased operations is also unknown. After the death of founder Teodoro Meinhard and later his widow, the branch office in Hamburg became the sole manufacturer of this product. In October 1897, the German Government required the name and label of the product be change to read "Doctor Teodoro Meinhard's Succr" to reflect the fact the product was now manufactured by the successors of the late Dr. Meinhard.〔Official Catalogue of the Collective Exhibition of the German Industry in Articles of Food, at Paris International Exhibition, 1900〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Meinhard's Bitters」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|